Missing Data

Methods

• Multiple imputation for missing data had long been recognized as theoretical appropriate, but algorithms to use it were difficult, and applications were rare. This article introduced an easy-to-apply algorithm, making multiple imputation within reach of practicing social scientists. It, and the related software, has been widely used. King, Gary; James Honaker, Anne Joseph, and Kenneth Scheve. Analyzing Incomplete Political Science Data: An Alternative Algorithm for Multiple Imputation, American Political Science Review, Vol. 95, No. 1 (March, 2001): Pp. 49-69. (Article: PDF | Abstract: HTML)
• The methods developed in this paper greatly expands the size and types of data sets that can be imputed without difficulty, for cross-sectional, time series, and time series cross-sectional data. James Honaker and Gary King, What to do About Missing Values in Time Series Cross-Section Data (Paper: PDF | Abstract: HTML)
• A general purpose method for analyzing multiparty electoral data. Katz, Jonathan and Gary King. A Statistical Model for Multiparty Electoral Data, American Political Science Review, Vol. 93, No. 1 (March, 1999): 15-32. (Replication Data: ICPSR 1190 | Article: PDF | Abstract: HTML)
• Uses the insights from the above two articles to greatly increase the number of parties that can be analyzed. Honaker, James; Gary King; and Jonathan N. Katz. A Fast, Easy, and Efficient Estimator for Multiparty Electoral Data, Political Analysis, Vol. 10, No. 1, (Winter, 2002): 84-100. (Article: PDF | Abstract: HTML)
• Develops multiple imputation methods for when entire survey questions are missing from some of a series of cross-sectional samples. Gelman, Andrew; Gary King; and Chuanhai Liu. Not Asked and Not Answered: Multiple Imputation for Multiple Surveys, Journal of the American Statistical Association, Vol. 93, No. 443 (September, 1999): Pp. 846-857. (Article: PDF). Rejoinder, Pp. 869-874. (Article: PDF | Abstract: HTML)

Software

• James Honaker and Gary King AMELIA II: A Program for Missing Data, (Software: Website)
• Zelig: Everyone's Statistical Software, which easily combines multiply imputed data in R. (Website: Zelig)
• CLARIFY: Software for Interpreting and Presenting Statistical Results, which easily combines multiply imputed data in Stata. (Website: CLARIFY)

How Surveys Work

• Voss, D. Steven; Andrew Gelman; and Gary King. Pre-Election Survey Methodology: Details From Nine Polling Organizations, 1988 and 1992, Public Opinion Quarterly, Vol. 59 (1995): Pp. 98-132. (Article: PDF | Abstract: HTML)